Postmodernism

(2002) Christopher Butler

Postmodernism has a lot to offer.

“Q   Haven’t you simply called this glass of water an oak tree?                                                              A   Absolutely not. It is not a glass of water anymore. I have changed its actual substance. It would no longer be accurate to call it a glass of water. One could call it anything one wished but that would not alter the fact that it is an oak tree …”

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience / Time and free will

(1889) Henri Bergson

Bergson subscribes to a kind of dualism.  Like Descartes’, his cleaves subject and object.  However, in contrast to the Cartesian doctrine, for Bergson this cleft is much more a consequence of rather than a grounding for his philosophy.

The deeper distinction for Bergson lies between what he calls the quantative and the qualitative [1]. One important difference that sets these apart lies in the nature of the multiplicity which is inhered.  Quantitative multiplicity consists in juxtaposition, making it possible to speak of discrete ‘objects’.  Qualitative multiplicity, on the other hand, consists in interpenetration.  Unlike the former, the latter is not amenable to division, with major consequences for epistemology. Continue reading Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience / Time and free will

Some Turns of Thought in Modern Philosophy

(1933) George Santayana

In particular, I liked the essays ‘Locke and the Frontiers of Common Sense’ and ‘Revolutions in Science: Some comments on the Theory of Relativity’.

“For it is not intrinsic clearness or coherence that make ideas persuasive, but connection with action, or with some voluminous inner response, which is readiness to act. It is a sense of on-coming fate, a compulsion to do or to suffer, that produces the illusion of perfect knowledge.”

“If all the arts aspire to the condition of music, all the sciences aspire to the condition of mathematics.”

Text: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16712/16712-h/16712-h.htm

Audio: http://librivox.org/some-turns-of-thought-in-modern-philosophy-by-george-santayana/